A Tribute to the Endangered Species Act

I’ve searched the internet from stem to stern, consulted all my reference sources—and I can find nothing of calendar-worthy significance that has occurred on April 8.  I can’t even find anything remotely amusing that I can try to connect to conservation.  But in looking just a little farther, I found something perhaps minor, but also perhaps eminently deserving of note for April 8.

            On April 8 of four recent years—1980, 1987, 2003 and 2004—five species were added to the U.S. Endangered Species List.  A database for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service tabulates all the species on the list, by the year in which each was added.  Look at any particular year’s table, and you can see the date when each ofl the species for that year was added.  It’s a tedious process, looking through 42 years worth of entries, but it can be done.

Kern primrose sphinx moth (photo by H. Vannoy Davis, USFWS)

            And April 8 has five hits.  The Kern primose sphinx moth was added in 1980.  It lives in only a few locations in one county of California’s Central Valley, threatened by massive land-use changes and pesticide use in agricultural fields.  The Waccamaw silverside is a small minnow (is that redundant?) added to the list in 1987.  It lives in just one lake in far southeastern North Carolina.  It is very abundant in the lake, but found nowhere else on earth.

Waccamaw silverside (photo by NC Wildlife Resources Commission)

            Three plant species completed the April 8 entries.  The Scotts Valley polygonum was added in 2003.  It is a tiny plant, only a few inches tall, that grows in one place, Scotts Valley of Santa Cruz County, California.  It is being squeezed out of its habitat by human development.  The other two plants, both listed in 2004, live on the Northern Marianna Islands, a U.S. territory in the South Pacific.  They are so rare that they don’t even have common names.  They are threatened, once again, by human development, but also by typhoons that can wipe out the species instantaneously—and which are becoming more frequent.

Scotts Valley polygonum (photo by Mary Ann Showers, California Dept. Fish and Wildlife)

            None of these species is particularly noteworthy.  None would fit into the category of “charismatic megafauna” (or flora, as the case may be).  Few people have probably even heard of them, other than those that live near their habitats and have been impacted by their listing.  Or those few entomologists, ichthyologists and botanists who study them for a living.

            But that is also what makes them so spectacularly noteworthy.  No, not necessarily the species themselves (yes, I fully understand that every species is valuable), but the law that protects them.  The U.S. Endangered Species Act protects our biodiversity whether or not the particular biodiversity subject is big, bold and beautiful.  “The List,” maintained by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and NOAA Fisheries, contains 1663 domestic species.  The vast majority of those are just like the five that made it to the list on various April 8s..  They are inconspicuous and found in limited locations.  They don’t make news, the Supreme Court doesn’t rule on their status, hardly anyone takes notice.

            Our laws do, however, at both federal and state levels.  A bunch of smart and dedicated public servants keep us honest when it comes to our biodiversity.  In the 1970s, politicians passed the laws that now protect us—wise politicians who voted their consciences, not their party loyalties, to make the right things happen.  Biologists in local, state and federal agencies work every day, at marginal salaries and subject to inane government shutdowns, to discover, list, recover and de-list these species. 

            So, on this insignificant date of April 8, let us remember, through the five species that we chose to protect on this date, that all endangered and threatened species deserve our protection.  And so do the laws and people who make that protection happen.  Five, not three, cheers for April 8!

References:

California Department of Fish and Wildlife.  Scotts Valley Polygonum.  Available at:  https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Plants/Endangered/Polygonum-hickmanii.  Accessed April 3, 2019.

North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission.  Waccamaw Silverside.  Available at:  https://www.ncwildlife.org/Learning/Species/Fish/Waccamaw-Silverside#2527742-regulationspermits.  Accessed April 3, 2019.

USFWS.  U.S. Federal Endangered and Threatened Species by Calendar Year.  Available at:  https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp0/reports/species-listings-count-by-year-report.  Accessed April 3, 2019.

USFWS, Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office.  Kern Primrose Sphinx Moth.  Available at:  https://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es_species/Accounts/Invertebrates/kern_primrose_sphinx/.  Accessed April 3, 2019. US Federal Register.  2007. Recovery Plan for Two Plants From Rota (Nesogenes rotensis and Osmoxylon mariannense).  Available at:  https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2007/05/03/07-2179/recovery-plan-for-two-plants-from-rota-nesogenes-rotensis-and-osmoxylon-mariannense.  Accessed April 3, 2019

This Month in Conservation

December 1
William Temple Hornaday Born (1937)
December 2
International Whaling Commission Created (1946)
December 3
Ellen Swallow Richards, Pioneering Environmental Chemist, Born (1842)
December 4
Eastern Steller Sea Lion De-listed (2013)
December 5
World Soil Day
December 6
Eliot Porter Born (1901)
December 7
Beijing Issues First Red Alert for Air Pollution (2015)
December 8
American Bird Banding Association Formed (1909)
December 9
Wupatki National Monument Created (1924)
December 10
Olivier Messiaen Born (1908)
December 11
International Mountain Day
December 12
Paris Climate Agreement Adopted (2015)
December 13
Baiji Porpoise Declared Extinct (2006)
December 14
World Monkey Day
December 15
Chico Mendes Born (1944)
December 16
Carol Browner, 8th EPA Administrator, Born (1955)
December 17
Alexander Agassiz, Pioneering Oceanographer, Born (1835)
December 18
First Commercial Nuclear Energy Produced (1957)
December 19
Richard Leakey, Kenyan Conservationist, Born (1944)
December 20
Earliest Date for Winter Solstice
December 20
“It’s A Wonderful Life” Released (1946)
December 21
Trevor Kincaid Born (1872)
December 21
Dr. Robert Bullard, Father of Environmental Justice, Born (1946)
December 22
Ruth Yeoh, Malaysian Environmentalist, Born (1982)
December 22
Lady Bird Johnson, Environmental First Lady, Born (1912)
December 23
Times Beach, Missouri, Declared Uninhabitable
December 24
The Christmas Tree
December 25
European Rabbits Introduced to Australia (1859)
December 26
UN Convention to Combat Desertification Began (1996)
December 27
Second Voyage of the Beagle Began (1831)
December 28
Endangered Species Act Enacted (1973)
December 29
Convention on Biological Diversity Began (1993)
December 30
Six Geese A-Laying
December 31
John Denver, Singer-Songwriter and Conservationist, Born (1943)
January February March April May June July August September October November December